Amy C. L. Wong
	Professor, Department of Bacteriology Professor, Department of Food Science mailing address: Food Research Institute  University of Wisconsin–Madison  1550 Linden Drive Madison, WI  53706–1521
	telephone:    608-263-1168 fax:             608-263-1114 email:         acwong@wisc.edu

PRINCIPAL RESEARCH INTERESTS

• Identification, characterization and detection of enterotoxins of Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus.
• Biofilms and food safety.

EDUCATION

• BA 1971, Wellesley College
• MS 1973, University of Wisconsin-Madison
• MS 1977, University of Wisconsin-Madison
• PhD 1987, University of Wisconsin-Madison

CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS

• Virulence factors of Bacillus cereus.
• Plasma modification of surfaces to inhibit biofilm formation by foodborne pathogens.
• Biofilm formation and control.
• Microbial clogging of on-site waste disposal systems.

RECENT PUBLICATIONS    Search Pubmed for Publications Authored by Wong, A.C.L.

• Hsueh, Y.-H., E. B. Somers, and A. C. L. Wong. Characterization of the codY gene and its influence on biofilm formation in Bacillus cereus. Arch. Microbiol. 189:557–568 (2008).
• Jampala, S., M. Sarmadi, E. B. Somers, A. C. L. Wong, and F. S. Denes. Plasma-enhanced synthesis of bactericidal quaternary ammonium thin layers on stainless steel and cellulose surfaces. Langmuir 24(16):8583-8591 (2008).
  

• Dong, B., H. Jiang, S. Manolache, A. C. L. Wong, and F. S. Denes. Plasma-mediated grafting of polyethylene glycol on polyamide and polyester surfaces and evaluation of antifouling ability of modified substrates. Langmuir 23(13):7306–7313 (2007).
• Ghelardi, E., F. Celandroni, S. Salvetti, M. Ceragioli, D. J. Beecher, S. Senesi, and A. C. L. Wong. Swarming behavior and hemolysin BL secretion in Bacillus cereus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:4089–4093 (2007).
• Hsueh, Y.-H., E. B. Somers, D. Lereclus, E. Ghelardi, and A. C. L. Wong. Biosurfactant production and surface translocation are regulated by PlcR in Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 under low nutrient conditions. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:7225–7231 (2007).
• Huang, T.-P. and A. C. L. Wong. Extracellular fatty acids facilitate flagella-independent translocation by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Res. Microbiol. 158:702–711 (2007).
• Huang, T.-P., and A. C. L. Wong. A cyclic AMP receptor protein-regulated cell-cell communication system mediates expressin of a FecA homologue in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:5034–5040 (2007).

• Hsueh, Y.-H., E. B. Somers, D. Lereclus, and A. C. L. Wong. Biofilm formation by Bacillus cereus is influenced by PlcR, a pleiotropic regulator. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72:5089–5092 (2006).
  
• Huang, T. P., E. B. Somers, and A. C. L. Wong. Differential biofilm formation and motility associated with lipopolysaccharide/exopolysaccharide-coupled biosynthetic genes in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. J. Bacteriol. 188(8):3116–3120 (2006).
• Jiang, H., S. Manolache, A. C. Wong, and F. S. Denes. Synthesis of dendrimer-type poly(ethylene glycol) structures from plasma-functionalized silicone rubber surfaces. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 102:2324–2337 (2006).

• Dong, B. Y., S. Manolache, E. B. Somers, A. C. L. Wong, and F. S. Denes. Generation of antifouling layers on stainless steel surfaces by plasma-enhanced crosslinking of polyethylene glycol. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 97(2):485–497 (2005).
  
• Schoeni, J. L., and A. C. L. Wong. Bacillus cereus food poisoning and its toxins [Review]. J. Food Prot. 68(3):636–648 (2005).
• Thaenthanee, S., A. C. L. Wong, and W. Panbangred. Phenotypic and genotypic comparisons reveal a broad distribution and heterogeneity of hemolysin BL genes among Bacillus cereus isolates. Internat. J. Food Microbiol. 105:203–212 (2005).
  

• Hill, K. K., L. O. Ticknor, R. T. Okinaka, M. Asay, H. Blair, K. A. Bliss, M. Laker, P. E. Pardington, A. P. Richardson, M. Tonks, D. J. Beecher, J. D. Kemp, A.-B. Kolstø, A. C. L. Wong, P. Keim, and P. J. Jackson. Fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus thuringiensis isolates. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70:1068–1080 (2004).
• Jiang, H., S. Manolache, A. C. L. Wong, and F. S. Denes. Plasma-enhanced deposition of silver nanoparticles onto polymer and metal surfaces for the generation of antimicrobial characteristics. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 93:1411–1422 (2004).
• Pollack, J. S., D. J. Beecher, J. S. Pulido, and A. C. L. Wong. Failure of intravitreal dexamethasone to diminish inflammation or retinal toxicity in an experimental model of Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis. Current Eye Res. 29(4–5):253–259 (2004).
  
• Somers, E. B., and A. C. L. Wong. Efficacy of two cleaning and sanitizing combinations on Listeria monocytogenes biofilms formed at low temperature on a variety of materials in the presence of ready-to-eat meat residue. J. Food Prot. 67:2218–2229 (2004).
  
• Wong, A. C. L. Biofilm formation and control in food processing environments. In Advances in Biofilm Science and Engineering. R. Jordan, D. Williams, and U. Charaf (eds.), Cytergy Publishing, Bozeman, MT (2004).
  

• Wang, Y., E. B. Somers, S. Manolache, F. S. Denes, and A. C. L. Wong. Cold plasma synthesis of poly(ethylene glycol)-like layers on stainless steel surfaces to reduce attachment and biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes. J. Food Sci. 68:2772–2779 (2003).
• Wong, A. C. L.Biofilm formation and control. In Advances in Biofilm Science and Engineering. R. Jordan (ed.), Biofilm Institute, Inc. Bozeman, MT. (2003).
  
  
• Ghelardi, E., F. Celandroni, S. Salvetti, D. J. Beecher, M. Gominet, D. Lereclus, A. C. L. Wong, and S. Senesi. Requirement of flhA for swarming, flagellin export, and secretion of virulence-associated proteins in Bacillus thuringiensis. J. Bacteriol. 184:6424–6433 (2002).
• Senesi, S., F. Celandroni, S. Salvetti, D. J. Beecher, A. C. L. Wong, and E. Ghelardi. Swarming motility in Bacillus cereus and characterization of a fliY mutant impaired in swarm cell differentiation. Microbiology 148:1785–1794 (2002).
• Turnock, L. L., E. B. Somers, N. G. Faith, C. J. Czuprynski, and A. C. L. Wong. The effects of prior growth as a biofilm on the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium for mice. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 25:43–48 (2002).

• Denes, A. R., E. B. Somers, A. C. L. Wong, and F. Denes. 12-crown-4-ether and tri(ethylene glycol) dimethyl-ether plasma-coated stainless steel surfaces and their ability to reduce bacterial biofilm deposition. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 81:3425–3438 (2001).
• Manolache, S., E. B. Somers, A. C. L. Wong, V. Shamamian, and F. Denes. Dense medium plasma environments. A new approach for the disinfection of water. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35:3780–3785 (2001).
• Somers, E. B., M. E. Johnson, and A. C. L. Wong. Biofilm formation and contamination of cheese by nonstarter lactic acid bacteria in the dairy environment. J. Dairy Sci. 84:1926–1936 (2001).

• Beecher, D. J. and A. C. Lee Wong. Tripartite haemolysin BL: isolation and characterization of two distinct homologous sets of components from a single Bacillus cereus isolate. Microbiology 146:1371–1380 (2000).
• Beecher, D. J. and A. C. L. Wong. Cooperative, synergistic and antagonistic haemolytic interactions between haemolysin BL, phosphatidylcholine phospholipase C and sphingomyelinase from Bacillus cereus. Microbiology 146:3033–3039 (2000).
• Beecher, D. J., T. W. Olsen, E. B. Somers, and A. C. L. Wong. Evidence for contribution of tripartite hemolysin BL, phosphatidylcholine-preferring phospholipase C, and collagenase to virulence of Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis. Infect. Immun. 68:5269–5276 (2000)
• Fermanian,  C., and A. C. L. Wong. Improved in vitro detection of hemolysin BL from Bacillus cereus. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 57:1–8 (2000).

• Schoeni, J. L., and A. C. L. Wong. Heterogeneity observed in the components of hemolysin BL, an enterotoxin produced by Bacillus cereus. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 53:159–167 (1999).

• Carpentier, B., A. C. L. Wong, and O. Cerf. Biofilms on dairy plant surfaces: what's new? Bull. Int. Dairy Fed. 329:32–35 (1998).
• Farrell, B. L., A. B. Ronner, and A. C. L. Wong. Attachment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef to meat grinders and survival after sanitation with chlorine and peroxyacetic acid. J. Food Prot. 61:817–822 (1998).
• Su, Y. C., and A. C. L. Wong. Production of staphylococcal enterotoxin H under controlled pH and aeration. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 39:87–91 (1998).
• Wong, A. C. L. Biofilms in food processing environments. J. Dairy Sci. 81:2765–2770 (1998).

• Beecher, D. J., and A. C. L. Wong. Tripartite hemolysin BL from Bacillus cereus: hemolytic analysis of component interactions and a model for its characteristic paradoxical zone phenomenon. J. Biol. Chem. 272:233–239 (1997).
• Su, Y.-C., and A. C. L. Wong. Current perspectives on detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins. J. Food Protect. 60:195–202 (1997).

• Su, Y.-C., and A.C.L. Wong. Detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin H by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J. Food Protect. 59:327–330 (1996).

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University of Wisconsin–Madison